CASE-CONTROL RESEARCH STUDY Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CASE-CONTROL RESEARCH STUDY - Article Exampleof Interest The subjects recruited for the persona study were exposed to trihalomethane, a by-product produced during the chlorination of water, which is done for the purpose of disinfection.Patients who were histologically confirmed to have primal bladder cancer were recruited as the discipline population for the study and they were identified with the help of urologic services. The other inclusion criterias for the recruitment of the case population were age group between 20 and 80 eld and they must reside within the geographical area surrounding the hospital.The study was a multi-center case-control study conducted in Spain and the subjects were recruited from 18 participating hospitals located at five different geographic regions in and around Spain. The cases were recruited by regular reviews of the discharge and pathology records in hospitals at by the research staffs who were involved in the study.The number of cases who parti cipated in the study was 338 out of the 1,457 eligible cases who were interviewed. However the article does not provide any information around the eligible subjects who were not part of the subjects. The reason for their non-participation has not been mentioned.The control population was chosen from the same hospitals where the case subjects were recruited. The control group included patients who suffered from problems like hernias, orthopedic problems, circulatory disorders, and who were admitted to the hospital. Those who had problems that were related to the study were not chosen as controls. About 582 controls from 1,465 eligible controls were selected. Signed informed consents were obtained from both the case and control participants before onset of the study.During the initial interview demographic information and familial, medical, including smoking history, and occupational history of all the eligible participants were quiet using computer assisted software. The short li sted case and control population were

The combaination between delphi and scenario methods in future studies Literature review

The combaination between delphi and scenario methods in rising studies - Literature review ExampleIn doing this therefore a variety of models argon used. Two basic models are used on which this countersign is going to be based on the Delphi technique and scenario planning. The Delphi technique and scenario planning The Delphi technique is a mannequin of survey that makes use of the intuitive knowledge of experts in a given field. This technique is therefore limber and provides a wide range of both qualitative and quantitative results which are important for planning. The technique involves rounds of surveys in which experts are asked questions concerning a given topic. Their varied opinions are then analysed and extremes are generated. The experts with these extreme opinions are asked to relieve the reasons as to why they settled for the opinions (Armstrong, 2001, pp. 127-129). The rounds continue in this manner until a consensus is achieved. Feedback is very important in the w hole process which must take place at the end of each round. Scenario planning on the other hand has also received a lot of attention from scholars with very little consensus on the exact meaning of the term. Cutting across the major definitions of scholars it is possible to say that scenario planning is seen as a strategic management tool that is used to describe sets of future environmental conditions which are uncertain and upon which decisions pull in to be made to address them. However there is a strong agreement among scholars that scenario planning is not a prediction but rather a tool that makes visible the large scale forces that are usually uncertain due to the ever changing nature of the world so that a deviser can recognize them and act on them on the verge that they do happen (Lindgren & Bandhold, 2003). Combining the Delphi technique and Scenario planning It is of great importance that before combining the techniques a thorough understanding of the various creation approaches is made of both techniques to find out how the Delphi technique can fit into the approach used by the scenario planning method. The scenario planning method has various approaches and this is because of the various schools of thought that are in existence. The technique truly involves a number of approaches each with stages that range between six and ten. There are three approaches that vex been used widely and these are the intuitive logic, trend impact and cross impact approaches. However subsequently on, the last devil approaches were combined by Bradfield et. al (2005) into one method called the probalistic approach and introduced the la prospective school as the third school in scenario planning (Bradfield, 2005, pp. 795-812). A closer examination of these approaches reveals they dupe varied stages that could be seen to serve the various interests of the authors with very little consensus on what should be the common approach. individually of these approaches i s seen to work in the same manner with the other though there exist slight variations. Nowack, Endrikat & Guenther (2011 1606) in their research identify one generic approach that cuts across all the three schools and which was built on the generic foresight approach proposed by Bishop et. al. The approach is divided into six stages for it to be complete and includes two main phases of scenario planning which are scenario development and scenario transfer. In the first phase the planner sees various states of the future while in

Socioeconomic Status, Parenting Style, and Juvenile Recidivism Research Paper

Socioeconomic Status, Parenting Style, and Juvenile Recidivism - Research Paper ExampleAs the report stresses socioeconomic status interacted with parenting when influencing risks for juvenile delinquency. In addition, individual psychopathology could interact with poor family conditions when influencing recidivism. Moreover, poor parenting dejection extend the rate of juvenile recidivism, probably due to lack of positive parenting practices, including engagement and support. As for the prevalence of recidivism, it can range from 23% to almost 70%, depending on offenses and other factors. The causes and correlates for recidivism among juvenile delinquents are connected to genial health issues, parenting, gender, and poverty predicted juvenile recidivism. These studies further suggest that violent offenders are at risk of reoffending at more violent crimes, although the treatment they received during their processing or incarceration may reduce recidivism. preaching programs vary i n terms of goals and provision of different long-term or short-term services. Long-term treatments that apportion individual and sub-group needs and have family or social aspects are more effective than short-term treatment. In addition, harsher sentencing with imprisonment increased recidivism. Scholars recommended long-term rehabilitation programs that fit individual and subgroup needs. This paper declares that youths who have delinquent friends and who lively in communities with high criminal rates tend to be delinquent too.

What you should know and consider in order to make a wise decision Essay

What you should know and hear in order to make a wise decision about how to assist someone in deciding whether or not to commit health check suicide - Essay Examplent example is that of Phillip Nitschke, an Australian medical practitioner who had his practicing license retrieved for his involvement in a case where the patient who had sought for entropy from him went ahead and committed suicide. The email conversation was used to convict him. This essay will therefore prove the ethical issues in assisted medical suicide as supported by given philosophic theories.Personal liberty def wipeouters keep been at the forefront claiming that one should be allowed to end their lives any term they want. In some cases one may be subjected to too much irritation especially in terminal diseases such as cancer that they consider ending their lives. A good case is of Mathew Donelly who had worked in an x-ray laboratory for the better part of his life. He later got caner which led to amputati on of his hand, his nose and a come in of his fingers. His pleas to have his life ended fell on deaf ears until his brother shot him dead to end his agony. His brother was however charged with murder.There are various bases that have been proposed to be considered in cases of medical suicide that should be considered if it is to be allowed. The first one is the terminality of the disease. In some cases the doctor can ease up that the patient will not recover and so it is just a matter of time to have him dead. Second, in many of such cases, the patient may be in too much pain that it is prudent to end the pain in consideration of the first factor that they will not recover. crab louse is one disease that causes such misery to the patient especially if it is recognized at a real stage. The third factor to be considered is the patients opinion. If the patient feels that he wants his life ended, then that should be adopted and the doctor should assist in that. The implementation of such ideas is hard due to the legal aspects involved. checkup suicide is classified in various categories according to how it is performed. Voluntary one is done with the

Watch video, discuss and consider the points Essay

Watch video, discuss and weigh the points - Essay Examplelawyer and possessed economics degree yet he chose to be a distributer in some small shop instead of seeking employment from renowned and well-established corporations homogeneous most unused graduates do. Even at this stage, he was very philanthropic and used to give rear to the community especially to the children who loved candy. As the saying goes, charity begins at home, David Klein was charitable and this probably contributed to the uplifted traffic of customers frequenting the shop. Seeing this, and from the loyalty he had developed from the customers decided to seize the opportunity to introduce a premium price jellify swell up. At this point one would describe as having followed one strain ethic followed by many believers of laissez f airmanshipe called self-interest business ethics theory.At the point when he created jelly belly, he was already an aggressive entrepreneur and an opportunist who non only wanted to make boodle from a given opportunity but also a visionary business man who was centre at making the best out of himself from available opportunity. He trusted himself to introduce a new product with differentiated and improved quality and market it with success. He observed that the current candy were not naturally cooked and decided to give the idea to a company he was acting as a distributor for its product. The company also agreed and produced jelly belly beans in small quantities for which he sell alongside the other candy in the corner shop he was operating from. Noticing that the jelly belly was trading at relatively very high prices, he invented a plan to dupe the media (print media) to air his story claiming he was making big sales from that.However, this was a necessary evil since it marked the starting time of his blessings. By organizing friends and relatives to frequent the shop at exactly the same time when the media representative was visiting, thus grownup the impression of a busy store selling g what customers loved an interestingly false presentation.

REPORT TASK Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

discipline TASK - Research Paper ExampleFurtherto a greater extent, it has the capability to act as a remote potency for the phone or certain cameras. As of today, the Pebble Smart mark off has over 1000 applications in its own Pebble app store. This innovative doohickey marks a big stepping stone in todays enginee annulus technology. Many companies forever and a day discover new ideas and gimmicks to sell products, and also try to invent new systems that are compatible with some other devices such(prenominal) as Bluetooth control and media servers among others. Pebble watch is a manifestation of an original and creative idea in innovation and merging of technologies.The Pebble Watchs design is based on a concept by Eric Migicovsky. Eric, a Canadian engineer, is one of the leading inventors below 35 years today. Story behind the watchs invention goes that Eric loves cycling. Besides that, the designer loved smart electronic devices. objet dart cycling, his smartphone would eith er ring or vibrate inside his pocket, necessitating him to temporarily abort his wheeling only to check the phone. Bored with such disturbance, Eric decided to design a smart wristwatch that can be wirelessly linked to a smartphone. While in his dorm room, Eric gathered a few electronic parts and assembled a prototype that would subsequently become one of the greatest inventions in wristwatch technology.Pebble watch is not the only island in the naval of smartwatches. In the recent past, leading electronic companies produced wrist watches installed with GPS features that can track distance during running exercises. This shows that inventors within the watch category are interested in developing wrist watches that can do more things than just tell time. Expectedly, Pebble watch can do a myriad of activities, some of which remain inconceivably associated with a small wristwatch. As acknowledged earlier, the watch supports approximately 1000 applications from various categories incl uding entertainment, health and education.

Trade Unions Should Care About Equality, Ecological Sustainability, Coursework

Trade Unions Should Care About Equality, Ecological Sustainability, and nation and Collaborate with Unions in Other Countries - Coursework ExampleIn order to move progressively forward in improving global frugal, ecological, and social conditions, a decrease in disuniting nationalism between treat unions is necessary. In capitalist economies, businesses gain reach from exploiting the time of the workers. Because capitalist systems exist in a dynamic equilibrize act of dividing profit based on time between workers and their employers, wherein business strive to maximize their profit often resulting in poor wages and benefits for the individual, trade unions are a natural response to the pressures of this part of economic system (Yates, 2003, p. 203). Trade unions help to maintain high levels of employment and real income for skilled workers deep down a nation, though traditionally little international cooperation has existed. In the post-Second World War period economic comple te, many trade unions were repressed by political forces. In the United States, these entities attempted to generate employer inscription during the Cold War, resulting in the creation of labor-leader-statesmen that were unprepared for the struggles the working class would undergo after the economic boom (Yates, 2003, p.230-231). In developing nations, such as India, labor unions remain ineffective often because of the large portions of those unemployed, those marginally employed, and those employed in extremely poor conditions (Yates, 2003, p. 231). Some progress has been made by organizations such as the International Confederation of Free Trade Union in uniting multinational trade unions (Camdessus, 1996). globalization is a force that cannot be fought, and trade unions must learn to function across national boundaries in the new global economy. Equality within an economy and between different nations is an important issue for trade unions.

Hybridity and Neo-colonialism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hybridity and Neo-colonialism - Essay ExampleA lot of symbolism and thematic illustrations has been applied by the causation in demonstrating the fact that the clean-living culture is superior to the blacks culture in this play (Goellner and Jacqueline, 32). The author seeks to in nurse these demonstrations to make a case for his claim of white preference over black culture and ideologies. In the contemporary society today, this claim of white superiority over black peoples ideals can be likened to the ideal of neo-colonialism. The reason behind this argument is that hybridity comes in after an influence of a white culture on a black person. This is exactly how neo-colonialism follows colonization of the third world countries. The dance in the play is symbolically used by the author to show preference of the white culture over black culture. Willie, a black man, has to struggle hard to learn the dance (from white culture) in order to participate in the competition. In fact at som e point he talks so passionately to the highest degree the dance that catches the attention of the young Hall (Goellner and Jacqueline, 27). This shows that despite the whites enforcing apartheid rule in South Africa, Willie cool it believes the ideals of the whites is still superb. Willie talks so passionately about the art of dance and the setting in which it will take place that gets the uninterested Hally to buy in to the idea. Despite being an African, Willy still has high regard for white culture which points out the fact that white ideologies can still influence his position on umteen issues.

Nutrition and Dietetics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Nutrition and Dietetics - Essay useAmong the most jet life style, medical complications associated to poor dietetical include obesity, diabetes and ulcers among others. This implies that food is an important determinant of the blossom forth and the ability of individuals to manage their medical histories. The dietary balance provides an effective means of eradicating some of the diseases. Nutritionists carry let on extensive researches through which they determine the best foods and nutrient value in the foods thus influencing patients diet in order to fasten the healing process. The personify requires adequate energy to facilitate such basic functions as respiration. After ensuring the provision of such basic amounts of energy to the body, the nutritionists thus engage in the discovery of nutritious content that influence the genes of the patients thus hastening the healing process. Nutrigenomics help nutritionists by providing the kind between nutrients and the numerous di ets. utile research in the branch of nutritional genomics thus helps determine the most appropriate food for versatile medical conditions (Artemis, 2010). Study of genotype in the word approach to T1DM Genetics plays a role in T1DM . There is a genetic predisposition in the occurrence of the disease. This is related to Mendelian genetics where the spirit of the genes is based on the dominant or the recessive ones. This is where the phenotypic expression of the genes or allele have it off into play in the treatment used or T1DM. In doing this, the treatment adopts an approach which looks for expressive genes for insulinase. whatever defects noted in relation to this are then noted earlier for the adoption of the right lifestyle factors. All this is made possible y learning the genotype in terms of allele expression. pounder (2003) notes that adopting an approapriate risk free lifestyle should then be embraced. Insulin in the genotype of T1DM The absence of insulin in the body thus results in the increase of the blood sugar level as the glucose levels go unregulated. Diabetes mellitus is the most common diabetes. The causes of the disease vary with most being lifestyle complications. The study of genotype is fundamental in the treatment and prevention of the disease since among the most common causes includes the ingestion of more sugar. As stated earlier, Nutrigenomics is the study of the relationship between nutrients in the foods people eat and the structure of the cells. This makes Nutrigenomics integral in the formulation of effective dietary combinations to help mitigate the susceptibility of the form of diabetes. Researches have shown that the disease arises from numerous eating disorders, which Nutrigenomics can whence help alleviate. Possible Solution to T1DM Currently, the above condition presents a challenge to the medical world. This is because the condition has no known therapeutic cure. In fact, the condition can only be managed administere d insulin shots. However, the appropriate solution as presented by Brethauer (2013) would be to adopt an appropriate attitude and behavior in terms of nutrition as well as lifestyle. One should exercise frequently and avoid potential risks such as superfatted and sugary foodstuffs. Limitations of the study of genotype in the treatment of T1DM However, Nutrigenomics has several limitations key among which is that it takes time. Unlike drugs that

Prophecies in The Odyssey and Oedipus the King Research Paper

Prophecies in The Odyssey and Oedipus the King - Research Paper good exampleOne of the key purposes of using the prophecies is to reveal to the readers at the outset itself, the course, the work or the main helper volition take. Although, it may reveal the crux of the plot, on the other level, it will heighten the curiosity of the readers regarding whether the prophecies will come true or how the prophecies will come true. Another key perspective of using prophecies is to earth the fact that human lives will always be controlled by superior powers or external forces, without each chance of them controlling it. This perspective of omen was aptly used in the Greek works, Oedipus the King and The Odyssey. This composition will discuss how the lives of the main protagonists Oedipus and Odysseus were dictated by these prophecies, with Oedipus prophecies leading to his downfall and tragedy, while prophecies for Odysseus leading to success.Oedipus fate, it seems, has been slopped eve n before he is born, with the prophecy coming from Oracle of Apollo at Delphi. As King Laius and Jocasta did not have any children after many years of marriage, they consulted the Oracle at Delphi regarding their childlessness. The Oracle gave out the prophecy that if Jocasta bears a son, that son would kill her husband King Laius and will also marry her. This prophecy was recollected by Jocasta later, An oracle once came to Laius declaring he was doomed/To perish by the hand of his own son, A babe that should be born to him by me (Sophocles 51). To prevent his prophecy from actualizing only Oedipus was ordered to be killed. However, he survives and was cared by King Polybus of Corinth and his wife Merope, who raise him as their own.After hearing rumors that Polybus and Merope are not his real biological parents, he coincidently meets the same Oracle at Delphi to clarify his doubts. Without directly answering Oedipus question on parentage, the Oracle again repeats the earlier proph ecy but in different words, from the perspective of Oedipus. Oedipus

The Artist Marcel Duchamp Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The operative Marcel Duchamp - Essay ExampleThe essay The Artist Marcel Duchamp states the Marcel Duchamp, his art, and life. He began to learn delicate processes here, and Duchamp later remarked that his teacher believed the then contemporary impressionist style were debased and sought to instruct scarcely traditional techniques as a result, Duchamps primary influence became his family. During this formative period Duchamp was predominantly influenced by academic style of art including the post-impressionist and symbolist schools. When Duchamp turned 17 he moved to Paris to lock a career as an artist. He was immediately influenced by the prevailing artistic trend of cubism and untold of his early work reflects these influences Duchamps work, however, reflects more eccentric personal images and psychology than most of the established cubist art. In 1912 Duchamp completed one of his most renowned works, Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2. While the painting incorporates tradition al cubist elements of shifting perspectives, its cryptic title and focus on the dejection of the object have led many critics to identify it as a monumental work. Like ofttimes great art, the painting was derided upon its release. The work was originally supposed to be exhibited in Paris, but the curator asked Duchamp to qualifying the title to which he refused. When it was finally exhibited in a 1913 New York exhibition the painting was even termed, an magnification in a shingle factory. The painting is almost ironically referring to the Renaissance nude in its title.

Brief synopsis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Brief synopsis - concession Exampleould strive to present themselves as upstanding beings since the symbolic reduction of woman to something less than whole then becomes a rationale for unequal treatment of women (p. 50). This linkage of image with treatment raises a curing of questions which argon then discussed later in the book.This is a web page containing discipline on the tender construct of gender. It has many images from the last two hundred years, including stamps and advertising materials, and contains hyperlinks to articles and statistics which back up statements made. Some useable graphs and tables show how women have consistently earned less than men. A sobering fact is that when Americans were asked in the NORC 1996 examine whether they mind the future of girls were likely to have a happy family life Only 20% thought their chances will be better while 36% thought that they will be worse. This suggests that American nine has a long way to go in achieving gender equality.This is an open access web portal, providing information on a wide range of humanities related issuances and hosted by the Carnegie Mellon University Womens Center. There are eight topic areas Activism, Gender and Sexuality. Health, History, Links, Programs, Theory and Workplace. The last section contains articles from the professions, and looks at the literature on scholar surveys, concluding for example that female professors bear a double burden they must fulfill two their gender employment by being nurturant and warm, as well as their professional role by being competent and knowledgeable. There are studies also on women in computing, the military, politics etceteraThis is a huge bibliographical resource which lists about 22,400 books and articles, sorted into over thirty major subject areas. It is administered from Australia but has a world- wide focus. There is a combination of academic and practical material, along with statistics and topical discussions. New su bmissions are welcome and this

LEGO Case Study - Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

LEGO representative Study - Strategic Management - Essay ExampleIn the 80- division history of the company, the last fifteen historic uttermost or so sport been one of happenings periods in the history of company. From its peak in the mid 90s to a serious slump in the late 1990s and early 2000s and then from that to a period of recovery and dominance, the period of 1995-2009 has many stories to tell for Lego (Ireland, Hoskisson & Hitt, pp. 85-89, 2008). Problems for the company started some(a)where in the 1990s hardly they did not make the headlines or even got the attention of the top management of the company till 1998 when the company incurred its first loss on its income statement in its entire history. Lego got back on the track of making profits during 2001 and 2002 but that was primarily because of the deals with annoy Potter franchise and when no Harry Potter movie was released during 2003, the companys sales decreased by 26 percent and 20 percent in the subsequent ye ar (The Lego Group, 2012). Furthermore, the company posted a record loss of over 240 million US dollars and rumors started in the mart that Mattel would soon takeover Lego (Lewis, pp. 21-23, 2011). There were many reasons behind the declining market share of the company. First, the toy industry was divergence through a similar revolution and competitive outburst as of the airline industry. Many competitors with slump be and claiming to be high quality, entered into the market to disrupt the equilibrium. For example, a Canadian toy company, Megabloks was instrumental in removing Lego toys from many shelves because not only it was of lower price to attract the customers but also even the retailers were paid with higher profit margins. Second, many of the customers of the company that were young boys were being more attracted to computer games and video games during that time thus decreasing the sales even further. Third, Legos main operations were in Denmark, which was high cost economy with long supply chains and many supplies. In fact, it at one point in time, Lego had more suppliers than Boeing had to build aircrafts (Ireland, Hoskisson & Hitt, pp. 85-89, 2008). Strategies In order to understand the strategies used by Lego during the period of 1995-2009, we will have to divide the period between two sub-periods of 1998-2003 and 2004-2009 since the company shifted its strategy during the period. First period (1998-2003) During the first period of 1998-2003 and even before that, Lego was following an aggressive policy of product development. Lego was constantly trying to improve its actual products with bringing new variations. The mindset of the companys strategists was that by providing more product variations, they would force the customers to make it more and new variations would bring more and new customers into the loop (Bender, pp. 55, 2010). In fact, it appeared that somehow Lego was trapped in the product orientation, one of the five marketing o rientations. In it, the prime focus and expectation of the company was on improving the current products, bringing more colour, designs and variations hoping that would make the customers stay and even become ready to payment a premium for Legos products (Ireland, Hoskisson & Hitt, pp. 85-89, 2008). Secondly, this was a period where Lego engaged in many strategic partners with Harry Potter, Disney and other franchises in an attempt to co-brand their products. In fact, this was the prime reason why Lego was able to show some profit during these years (The Lego Group, 2012). Second

What are the pros of unification on East Germany Essay

What are the pros of unification on East Germany - Essay ExampleGermany rose in the supranational politics and became the largest and strongest bucolic economically, in the European Union. This political stability could be seen in the nature of elections and constitution processes that took place in the country. The state ensured that the citizens participated in the countrys political affairs. The government educated the citizens on political systems, fashioning them aware of their role. Policy making processes became transparent with the interest of the citizens at heart (Dalton et al). Introduction of a public presentation currency (Deutschmark) was an economic benefit to the country. In addition, stable administrative and legal systems attracted investors in the country. Thus, Germany had access to European markets and funds. Between the years of 1990 and 2006, the European Union had given 17.9 billion Euros to Germany. These funds have assisted the country dealing with the economic and policy challenges (Dalton et al).

United States History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

United States History - Essay ExampleThe Boston Massacre took place on marching music 5, 1770, when the British troops stormed into the Boston mob who was protesting against them at the customs commission. This event is considered to be the foundation of the eldest battle in the history of American Revolution that took place just five years aft(prenominal) that. In the year 1771, the colonies started to grow and hundreds of miles of roads were under construction in New Hampshire alone. In Connecticut, the general Assembly directed Jonathan Trimball, the governor to collect the public papers and letters, which affected the interest of the colony. The foundation of the prime(prenominal) independent Anglo-American government took place in East Tennessee by Watauga Association, who was in the need of mutual protection. It was during this measure that the House of Burgesses present in the Colony of Virginia reacted negatively to the policies of the British by establishing a committee that contacted otherwise colonies who had the similar defense. This led to the issuance of Virginia Resolution by establishing the committee of correspondence. In the year 1772, a satirical essay was written and published by Benjamin Franklin in The Public Advertiser. In the 17th century, the war of independence took place between the Great Britain and the thirteen British colonies existed on the eastern seaboard present in North America. The battles of Concord and Lexington that took place between the colonial Minutemen and British Army pronounced the beginning of the war.

Library system Essay Example for Free

Library musical arrangement EssayMost of the references used now and never fades atomic number 18 books. People who motivation it purchase this reference material while some suck up from a public or private depository library. In a library where many transactions be being process, there are methods that the LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION used to make things work faster and easier. matchless of the methods used by the librarians and book keepers is the LIBRARY transcription. It is an arrangement used to coordinate and manage library books, borrowers and users in the easiest way There were several libraries inquired and re front by the researchers used a different kind of library dodging. In Toronto Public Library, the largest public library in Toronto, Canada, uses mechanics in the library agreement to railing transactions (Toronto Public Library). While on the topic Library, Philippines uses an on-line chafe for their transactions, (National Library). Some LIBRARY SYSTEM exa mples researched by the researchers is the LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION wherein it uses call poem base on the books that they are classified (Wikipedia, 2014). some other example is the Dewey Decimal System founded by Mr. Dewey where it uses numbers and codes in book numbering for it to be slowly found (Wikipedia, 2014).In lieu with the schooling given above, the researchers want to establish a new and magisterial of a library system. This study aims to detailed and illustrate a way of putting up a computerized LIBRARY SYSTEM with the use of a simple programming language, VISUAL BASIC. AKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express our peculiar(prenominal) thanks of gratitude to Saint Justine College of Asia and Fortunato F. Halili National Agricultural School as well as to Mr. Roger Ilejay, Mr. Emmanuel Valdez, Mr. Angelo Romulo Cruz, Mrs. Ma. Luz Bayani, Mrs. April Co, and in like manner to our teacher Mrs.Jocelyn Gamo who gave us the opportunity to do this system and action Research en titled Library System which also helped us in doing a lot of research. We came to know about so many things that is why we are really thankful to them. DEDICATION This library System is made and develops for the School of Fortunato F. Halili National Agricultural School. This system helps to facilitate or to search the book easier and faster. We are committed to providing the library users with a positive bewilder that starts with a successful implementation.This system helps to facilitate or to search easier because it is a computerized, organize and moderate. It diffused to forget step by step assistance export info from your existing system and upload your data. it easy to process and transferring data. Definition of Terms Computerized To equips with or automates by computers. Library system A computerized library system for a university keeps track of all books and periodicals in the library and their note-out status. Checkout and return are automated with a bar code re ader (an external device).The library system also interfaces with an external comparative database which stores information about the library users (students, faculty, and staff), including whether they have any library items checked out. . Library users can access the catalog and recall books and periodicals. Library employees have the same access as well as redundant capabilities (e. g. , listing the status of an item). Data Factual information or information for computer processing, distinct pieces of information usually formatted in a special way.All software is divided into two general categories data and programs. Programs are collections of instructions for manipulating data. Data can exist in a variety of forms as numbers or text on pieces of paper, as bits and by test stored in electronic memory, or as facts stored in a persons mind. Database A set of data that has a regular structure and that is organized in such a way that a computer can easily ferret out the desire d information.. local area network (Local Area Network ).This serves a local area (typically the area of a floor of a building, precisely in some cases spanning a distance of several kilometers). Records Data, details , physicianuments, file, information, or reports. In the structure of a database, the part consisting of several uniquely named components called data fields. Several data records make up a data file, and several data files make up a database. Share Distributing or giving files, or a resource such as a file, folder or printer, that has been made sharable with other users on the network. opthalmic Basic is a third generation event driven programming language and intergrated development environs (IDE) from Microsoft for its combasic to be relatively easy to learn and use. Command Button A vivid button that appears in a computer user interface , allowing a user to trigger an event. Microsoft Access Also know as Microsoft office access , is a database way syste m from Microsoft that combines the relational Microsoft database engine with a graphical user interface and software development tools.Related Literature Foreignharmonize to Robson (2001), usability is a discover requirement for users, says Elisabeth Robson, Product manager for Online Computer Library Center. The catalogue has become a way to clear together disparate resources, including commercial resources and web links. management systems also allow circulation, including check in/check out and enable libraries to purchase materials and track where they are. According to Chad (2009), consulting is at a major point of castrate in the wider information economy within which library systems form part of a larger whole.He was writing in a briefing paper about the study in library management systems. This study examined the systems used in higher-education libraries across the UK and came up with some significant observations and recommendations. It noted that the LMS market in UK h igher education is already mature and that four main vendors (Ex Libris, Innovative, Sirsi Dynix and Talis) have almost 90 per penny of the market. This market maturity means, according to the study authors, that the benefits to libraries of changing LMS provider are limited.Library users expect to find everything together says Stephen Abram, vice president for innovation at Sirsi Dynix, the leading provider of software solutions and associated services for libraries. According to her traditionally, the library management system or combined library system (ILS) was responsible for running libraries efficiently and effectively. Over the last few years, the role of the ILS has been expanding from meeting library needs to delivering user experience.Botolan Community College http//www. scribd.com/doc/99431218/Computerized-Library-System Local According to Eden (2011), views that most libraries are forced to work with fewer staff because of the having a more improved and modernized sys tem for their library . According also to the study, the library administration need to emphasize to their staff that the system has a vested interest in providing them with the tools and training they need to assist the organization in the new information marketplace. These may include search engines, circulation systems, and the online public access catalog.According to Lopez (2002) , University of the Philippines Mindanao when UP in Mindanao accepted its first batch of students in 1996, the Main Library collection was integrated with the nub collection of the School of Management (SOM) Library at the Stanfilco Bldg. , Ladislawa Avenue, Buhangin, Davao City. The Filipiniana and General References were housed together with the College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) collection in Room 2 of the Philippine Coconut Authority. In the Second Semester AY 1996-1997,the CAS Library moved to its main campus in Bago Oshiro.Upon the recognition of UP in Mindanao by the Board of Regents (BOR) as a constituent unit (CU) of the UP System, the CAS was split into two (2), namely College of Humanities and Social Botolan Community College http//www. scribd. com/doc/99431218/Computerized-Library-System Related Hypotesis Researchers hypothesize that their study on coming up of a library system will be helpful both the book keepers and to the students . Book keepers will already be having a stress scanty and convenient way of logging transactions in the library.Also, they will be able to help students to search book in a matter of second. The researcher hope that all of the possibilities and hypothesis they mentioned would be integrate in their mentioned study. Statement of the importance of the study This study will help the faculty staff and students of Fortunato F. Halili National Agricultural School to make Book Information easy thought in searching a book that they help of the library system made by the researcher for a hassle isolated transactions. 1. Helps in searching the book systematically and in a computerizes way?This objectives includes the researches of all kinds of the library system that will be applicable to the sponsored school. This will be the trial and error process of the researchers. 2. How to establish a library system using opthalmic basic? With the use of the program language, visual basic and the O.K. ground of the researchers in programming, the researchers will set up a library system using visual basic 3. To make a library system for Fortunato F. Halili National Agricultural School? The main endeavor is to set up a library system that will fit for the Fortunato F. Halili National Agricultural School.

The Systematic Oppression of the Jews Essay Example for Free

The Systematic Oppression of the Jews EssayThe Holocaust de situation forever be remembered as the systematic genocide of the Jewish people, when approximately six million Jews in Europe were murdered under the Nazi regime. The question that comes to mind is why did nobody stop this display case or call against the horrors that occurred in the ghettoes or concentration camps? How could this happen in the 20th century, when the human race pass was thought to be evolved and modernized?It occurred because there was a biography of persecution, exploitation, anti-Semitism, and hate for the Jews, especially in Ger some(prenominal) as we have read in the articles and texts, the systematic elimination began during the 1930s when the Nazis enacted laws that effectively sequestered the Jews human rights. In March 23, 1933, Hitler was sufficient to attain the majority in the Reichstag, the ruling German Parliament. On this day, he was able to pass the Enabling Act which, Authorized the government activity to issue legislation on its own responsibility, steady if that legislation deviated from the Reich Constitution (Dawidowicz, A Holocaust Reader, 35). We could say this was the beginning of the end for the Jews, as it enabled Hitler and his Nazi ships company to pass laws that would effectively take away the rights of the Jews. The Enabling Act was just the first whole step of many which would allow for the state-sponsored roundup and mass-murder of the Jews. The first law aimed at the Jews, or non-Aryans, was The Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, which was passed on April 7, 1933. It dismissed non-Aryan civil servants, clerical employees, workers, and professionals.And on that same day, non-Aryan lawyers were denied admission to the bar. This reassured that there wouldnt be anyone to speak up against the Nazi regime, or defend the Jews. It also made those Jews unemployed, and they could only inquire employment opportunities at bottom their neighborhood or Jewish community. It was the first step in removing Jews from public life and from then on the German government heeded Nazi ideology. On April 11, 1933, An implementing social club appeared, defining non-Aryan status (Dawidowicz, A Holocaust Reader, 36). This decree established that one was considered a Jew if one parent or grandparent was of Jewish faith. This decree also necessary that everyone have credentials of their family tree in order to prove their German heritage and blood. This was another step taken to separate the Jews and their German/Aryan counterparts. This decree identified individuals as Jews, and thus made them easier targets for the ensue laws that were planned to be enacted by the Nazis, and eventual imprisonment in ghettoes.On April 25, 1933, the Law Against the Overcrowding of German schools and institutions of higher(prenominal) Learning was passed. This law put a quota of how many non-Aryan Jews could attend school, and even tually prohibited them from education. The Nazis wanted to ensure that the children were not educated Perhaps they did not want them near other German schoolchildren. Also, this aided their state-sponsored discrimination, as German school children were taught to feel superior to other races. The Reich Citizenship Law was passed on September 15, 1935.This declared German citizenship only to those of German or clan blood Citizenship is only that subject of German or kindred blood who proves his conduct that he is willing and suited loyally to serve the German people and the Reich (Dawidowicz, A Holocaust Reader,45). This law certainly separated the Jews from the German people as it took citizenship away from the Jews. The Jews were no long-term protected by the State, even though the Enabling Act was already passed that allowed the Nazis to create laws that did not follow the German Constitution.They were pushed to the fringes of society. Even the exemptions for Jewish War Veterans was remote. Another reason why this was an important law was that it removed the Jews from elections, as only Reich citizens were allowed to vote. If one was not German and part of the Reich, they were not allowed to vote This seems like a prelude to the German people following the Nazi party because laws were implemented that demanded people to join the Nazi party before joining certain organizations, or working for certain institutions, and eventually voting.Finally, The Law for the guard of German Blood and German Honor, forbade marriage and sex between Jews and those of German or kindred blood. It advance isolated Jews from the population. It also further defined one as a Jew if one was a mischling, or mixed descent. Another decree also required that Israel and Sarah be added to names of Jews, and required the Star of David badge and armband to further separate Jews. Eventually laws took Jewish space, business, industry, and put them under police surveillance.The Jews were no longer part of society, but viewed as lower beings. They were a group of other things, who did not have rights or property. not only did the Nazi regime effectively remove Jews from public life, but they oppressed them slowly. The Jews who were so use to migrating and being discriminated against could not have possibly predicted what was going to happen to them. The Nazis groomed the German population to rely that they were superior beings. This led to pogroms, such as Kristallnacht, when Germans destroyed the glass windows of Jewish owned shops.Violence against property eventually became violence against their Jewish neighbors, and eventually murder. With the state sponsoring this type of behavior and nobody in the government to protect their rights, the Jews had nowhere to go, not even Germans who they used to call friends. To restore Germany to its former greatness, Hitler believed that the Jews had to be purged from the political and public life of the German nation and remo ved from all positions of political, social, or cultural influence (Dawidowicz, A Holocaust Reader, 35). The Nazis successfully removed the Jews from public life because they were able to enact laws that slowly took away their human rights. The laws deprived Jews of equal rights They enabled persecution, dehumanization, and made Jews outcasts of German society. The Jewish people had endured such a long history of exile, violence, and bloodshed that they did not foresee how these laws were preparation for the Holocaust.

Influx of Migrant Workers Is Not a Good Move Essay Example for Free

Influx of Migrant Workers Is Not a Good Move EssayIn todays competitive world of development, Malaysia perceives a huge aim of becoming an industrialized res publica in this region. In order to accomplish the mission, the workforce definitely is being empowered and one of the methodologies utilize is importing migrator workers. This is a good step indeed for Malaysias development however in the present the issue of migratory workers flooding our country is uttered to be tormenting. Despite the fact that the influxes of contradictory labors are such assisting shoulders to our countrys competitiveness in industrialization, I believe that their invasion to Malaysia is non a good shanghai. Those who opposed to the decision agreed that the increment of crime cases and social problems in our country are the doings of our Malaysians itself. This is because there are everywhere 20 million song of Malaysians in this country, compared to still 1.9 million of registered migrator w orkers here. However, this fact is conventional. There are many crime cases are proven do by foreign labors such as robbery and murder that donated to the increasing of the already huge numbers of crimes done caused by Malaysians.For instance in the famous local television program 999 on seventh of April 2011, they had revealed that Kota Bharu Police Contingent had made a raid in a budget hotel near Kota Bharu and they managed to snatch a couple of foreign workers having illegal sexual intervention as well as possessing drugs. throng should understand the word of increment. When a little number of crimes is done frequently, it will surely house to the increment of crime cases to our country and its possibility to be severer is high.Next, the opponents also claimed that our Malaysians are too picky compared to migrant workers in terms of hunting jobs. This is because they believe that many employers offer low payment to Malaysians as much(prenominal) as to the foreign labors. Ho wever, in this situation we cannot put the blame on our people only. According to Evelyn Devadason of einsteinium Asian Bureau of Economic Research, there are a total of 1.9 million registered foreign workers, constituting close to 21 per cent of the workforce (2011).The total, added with another millions of unregistered foreign labors is enough to make the job opportunities amongst Malaysians swag to be restricted. In a project paper entitled Migrant Labor in Malaysia clash and Implications of the Asian Financial Crisis written by Syarisa Yanti Abubakar, she mentioned that NEAC (National Economic Action Council) reported at 1998 that the crisis or need amongst Malaysians was caused by limitations imposed on labor absorption and income-earning opportunities (2002).One of the factors of the limitation was because of influx of foreign labors. Employers endure to hunt migrant workers because they do not demand expensive payment. However, by without anyone realizing the opportunit y of our Malaysians to get a job becomes narrower. In addition, not all of Malaysians are picky when it comes to finding a job. It is just that the take chances for them to work is closed due to influx of migrant workers.Apart from that, the opponent of the notion of invasion of migrant workers is a good move agreed that issues regarding the problems caused by migrant workers can be settled in a very civilized manner. Small issue can be brought over into a line of reasoning by without causing conflicts among countries. Nevertheless, the influx of migrant workers into our country can still bring negative impacts mingled with Malaysia and its collaborating countries.Many parties are inclined to take any issues, be it small or big, diminutively by without greedy that relationship between Malaysia and partnering countries such as Indonesia, Myanmar and Philippines can be affected. For example, the case of abuse of an Indonesian maid, Nirmala Bonat some years ago had contravened a c onflict between two countries. Not only that, few cases happened over migrant workers in Malaysia had also caused inconvenience among Malaysians who stayed overseas due to threats. A bond-breaking can lead to economical downturn to both countries involved.In conclusion, this essay has shown that the influx of migrant workers is not a good move at all. Government and private parties should reconsider about taking more migrant workers into our country so that any more serious issues will not occur as the saying goes, prevention is fall in than cure. It is reasonable to have migrant workers as assisting shoulders to our countrys development but there should be limitation in terms of numbers of them. Regarding the already flooding issue of problems caused by influx of migrant workers, equal treatment for them must not only be provided but also enforced so that all parties will get the win-win situation.

Placement Paper Essay Example for Free

Placement Paper EssayThe locating in focus is a host of 15 19 year-old individuals who read been excluded from mainstream education due to behavioral problems. These problems can be generalized harmonise to the description made by the American Psychological Association (2000) of oppositional defiant disorder or peculiar as a re contemporary pattern of negativistic, defiant, disobedient, and hostile behavior toward authority figures. found on the possibility developed in APA (2000), individuals who suffer from ODD find much(prenominal)(prenominal) difficulty in being suitable to operate effectively in a traditional learning environment. This falls in line with my findings on the social and individualised development fates of young people in the placement. There were various argonas place where the individuals in the placement needed to develop. On a social level, the individuals need to develop forging slight antagonistic relation transfers with virtuoso another. Wh at was perceived through unwrap the attain period of the individuals was that antagonistic factions have bee built up. These factions principally tended to have a racial characteristic, with those with the same racial traits (such as the Blacks or the Latinos), finding it fair(a) to cover with one another.While this cliquing activity is normal amongst teenagers, what is not normal is the amount of antagonism that one mob gives to another. Another problem is that there are a few people who are left out by all of the cliques, and these people are the ones who are picked on most of the time. Being defenseless, these people have no choice but to take the psychological, and occasionally physical battery thrown at them by other members of the placement group. Towards solving this difficulty, there are several social areas at heart the members of the group that need to be developed. First is their sense of security.What is obvious is that many of the placement members are using membe rship to a clique as a way to have a group that would defend them when they are antagonized against. What should be developed in them is the idea that they do not need a clique to defend them against antagonism because the placement group is not a hostile environment but rather an environment for co-op and interchangeable learning. If the members of the placement realize this, the fear between cliques that is generating conflict would abate and the members of the placement would learn to irritate along with one another better.The second area of social development is tolerance. The placement members should be acquaint with the concept of pluralism, that is, recognizing that there are different, conflicting ideas from different people that can coexist through mutual respect. An example of the lack of this trait is observed in cases when members get into an argument. Each member tries as much as possible to prove to the other that the other is wrong, and each is unwilling to make a ny concessions.It is fundamental to develop in the placement members, the ability to recognize the value of the argument of others and to see that through reasonable debate and proper concessions, dickens arguments can reach an acceptable middle ground. On the level of personal development, there are also several points identified by the findings. First among these is that the placement members need to attain a sense of life-direction. It was observed that many of the placement members do not participant because they feel that society is pointless.The value of the education system is nonexistent within their perspectives and they believe that they are honourable wasting their time. Thus, what should be developed is the value of a good education. The placement members must be made to realize what opportunities they are talent up without a proper education. Secondly, diligence is another value that should be developed within the placement members. Most of the time, members try to seek the easiest way to satisfy the task, without considering that some tasks would take considerable political campaign to accomplish.While there is nothing wrong with trying to find shortcuts and the initiative of doing so is actually a positive characteristic, what should be developed in the placement group is the ability to realize when hard work is required by a task. These social and personal developmental needs should be addressed in order to help the members of the placement group function normally. Second Prompt In the project accomplished, quadruplet youths were asked to go to the local park where materials were provided for them for them to build a rocket ship that would contain an en.The materials given were paper, scissors, cellotape, and the egg. Their aim was to make a contained for the egg such that when the container is launched (like a rocket ship) 25 yards high into the air with the egg contained in it, the egg would not break upon the ships impact on the gr ound. The objective so is to create a container that would allow the egg to survive being launched. In giving the youths the project, the facilitator presented the instructions clearly, so that the youths would understand exactly what was required for them to accomplish.The facilitator approached the topic with enthusiasm, and emphasized the make-believe side of the project by discussing matters rough rocket ships before giving the activity. This created a deep sense of motivation among the group members which made them anxious to begin on the job(p) on the project. In order to help the youths hold up organized in working on the project, the facilitator suggested that they brainstormed first. That is, discussed individual ideas among one another so that they can synthesize the best way to accomplish the task.This work processes was very effective as seen from observing the youths at work. All of the four members were actively giving their opinions about how to go about the proj ect. ground on the ideas that they were generating, they were slowly but surely constructing a solid state plant that would later get the job through. However also during the observation, the theoretical perspectives of conflict was also vie out. The rejection of some suggestions from one member which were not well-received by another member created tension between two of the youths working on the project.The facilitator immediately made use of conflict pacifying techniques prevent the group from breaking shine and the project from being left unfinished. This reinforced the earlier findings of the facilitator regarding the need for social development within the members of the placement group. The problem from a theoretical point of view is that they were highly resistant to conflicting viewpoints and see such occurrences immediately as acts of hostility that they need to counter with equal or greater hostility.Through make the members of the group see that their criticisms of ea ch other suggestions can be utilized constructively, the tense members were pacified that the project continued. Based on a consensus among the group members, they resolved to construct the space ship by creating a delve base filled with air. One of the members who knew how to make paper balloons created them from the material while the rest worked on the ships structure that would hold the egg. After they were done, they launched the ship with the egg in it and were successful at property the egg from breaking.What was observed by the facilitator in their success was that it strengthened their social bonds. When they saw that working unneurotic was successful, they applauded one anothers efforts and the two who had been previously antagonized against one another quickly settled their differences completely. Based on this observation, it is clear that the activity improved the youths capability to work together, to be more understanding of one anothers ideas, and to synthesize id eas in a manner that can get the task done right.What is recommended is that more activities such as the one accomplished be given to the members of the placement group. These activities can be used to convey actual learning objectives derived from the mainstream classroom. In this way, the youths would actually be learning not just about working together but about actual academic content through the activities that they realize with one another. Third Prompt There have been significant contributions of from different members of the placement.The placement experience has allowed members to become more aware about the value of education and has made members experience activities that enriched their social and personal development. The current policies in the educational system are effective as it is able to provide solutions to problems encountered in the classroom by sending problematic students to placements where they can be better acquainted with the learning process and be more ready to return to the mainstream classroom. Reference APA. (2000). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders, ordinal Edition. American Psychiatric Publications.

Hitlers actions while he was ruler of the Third Reich Essay Example for Free

Hitlers actions term he was ruler of the Third Reich EssayIntroductionThere are two schools of thought on Hitlers actions while he was ruler of the Third Reich. One says he has a blueprint of all his intended achievements1 which is base upon Mein Kampf, his autobiography written in the 1920s while the other believes that Hitler did not have any concrete plans which he followed diligently. The latter argued that he rode on opportunities and was propelled into power by circumstances rather than his deliver abilities. The tail of this essay is to find verboten which school offers a more than convincing argument. Due to the wide aspects of the education and opines on Hitler, the scope of discussion would be limited to Hitlers foreign policies, the various interpretations by different historians and my own analysis. One channel to note is that although A.J.P. Taylor does not fall into either of the schools, his views seems slanted towards structuralist theory which would als o be discussed.AnschlussTo determine whether Hitler had a plan or was just waiting to cash in on opportunities, we must look at his foreign policies implemented and his autobiography, Mein Kampf, which he wrote in 19252 while serving his prison sentence. Mein Kampf could be used as a benchmark in finding out whether Hitler was following a laid-out plan. This is because Hitler had claimed so often that all his plans and goals were actually written in Mein Kampf.In Mein Kampf, Anschluss was described as the first award in Hitlers foreign policy plans, which, with the benefit of hindsight, is true. In a speech on 30 January 1941 in Berlin, Hitler had spoken implicitly of how his intention of abolishing the Treaty of Versailles had been declared or recorded so often that it was unsurmount able for people to not know of his programme of expansionism until 1933, or 1935 or 1937.3 Hitler had also written in Mein Kampf that he wanted to extend the frontiers of Germany to include all Germ ans, regardless of where they came from.4 Prior to Anschluss, Hitler had been trying to improve his relations with Italy as the latter had interfered in Austrias affairs in 1934 due to concerns about her own territorial integrity5 and. Hitler knew the importance of Italy and attempt to improve relations with her. He hoped in this way, Austria would be isolated without Italy defending her. It could thus be argued that Hitler was grooming for Anschluss through diplomatic preparations.However, Anschluss also represented Hitlers opportunism. Notes written from Goebbelss diary revealed that Hitler had kept his watchful eyes on opportunities for German expansion,6 suggesting that Hitler was always waiting for opportunities to expand German territory, an argument put across by Kershaw. In fact, it was Goering who pressed Hitler to take actions.7 Kershaw argued Goering was pushing the pace for Anschluss, perhaps for economic interests all over Austria.Hitler was waiting for a crisis in A ustria which would provide the excuse for German intervention and not invasion.8 This arrived on 9th March 1938, when Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg denote a plebiscite on the independence of Austria. Hitler seized this opportunity to intervene in Austrian affairs and pressed Schuschnigg to resign. The theme Socialist Arthur Seyss-Inquart took over the chancellorship and formed a new government. With Austrian National Socialists in power in Austria, troops of the German Wehrmacht and the SS crossed the German-Austrian border unopposed on the morning of 12th March 1938. The contract of Anschluss into the Third Reich was announced the following day.Taylor argued this was a outlive minute decision and the belief that Hitlers seizure of Austria was a deliberate plot was a myth. He argued that the crisis was star provoked by Schusschnigg and not Hitler. Kershaw also suggested the view that the decision for appropriation of Austria came only after the military invasion. The Ger man military lacked preparations when they marched from the frontier to capital of Austria. The fact that 70% of their vehicles broke down9 indicated clearly there was neither military preparation nor any back-up plan. Had Hitler made any plans initially, such a situation would not have materializered. Hitlers address to the masses on the balcony of Linz town hall showed that he did not have any intentions to annex Austria.10 Kershaw suggested that the decision to annex Austria superpower have come from the brainsick reception Hitler received at Linz. The Anschluss thus represented Hitlers opportunism where the decision to annex Austria came at the last minute.Although Hitler might have intentions to annex Austria into the German Reich long ago, it was not one of the maturing of carefully thought out plans. Thus I would find it appropriate to agree with the structuralist argue that Hitler was indeed an opportunist. Anschluss came at a point when Hitler least expected it he was s mart enough to seize to seize the opportunity.CzechoslovakiaBullock had argued that following the annexation of Austria, the annexation of Czechoslovakia would be the second necessary step in the development of Hitlers programme for securing Germanys future11, the second fair game that was discussed during the Hossbach Conference on 5th November 1937 which outlined Hitlers view of the future. It was agreed that Austria and Czechoslovakia should be taken simultaneously.12 However, this did not occur accordingly as planned. Anschluss with Austria had instead, improved Germanys strategic position in central Europe13, to allow Hitler to take over Czechoslovakia should an opportunity arise. He might have thought of using Austria to encircle the Czechs and act as a satellite in the conflicts to come14, which in about ways indicated his programme in achieving Lebensraum for Germany.Taylor argued that the conclusion which force from the Hossbach Conference showed that Hitler did not real ly have any concrete plans as to what he wanted. He might have been taking a gamble as usual, hoping that by some chance, he would be undefeated in achieving aims in his foreign policies. In a situation similar in Austria, I do agree with Taylor that the crisis over Czechoslovakia was presented to Hitler rather than him creating it. Hitler merely took advantage of the situation. According to Kershaw, it was the fatal calculation made by Schuschnigg that gave Hitler the chance he long awaited. Hitler seemed to be least interested in what was the next step he should undertake after the Munich conference.Evidence showing Hitler spending time at the Berghof drawing dream plans for the rebuild of Linz15 revealed perhaps he was waiting to take over Czechoslovakia through another internal crisis. This opportunity arrived in March 1939 when President of Czechoslovakia Hacha dismissed Tiso the Slovak Premier from office and subsequently declared martial law in Slovakia. The latter then appe aled to Hitler for help, who was taken by surprise by the turn of events. He was leaving for capital of Austria to celebrate the anniversary of Anschluss.Even Alan Bullock agreed, as he puts it, that it was not long before Hitler was able to seize the opportunity that he waited for16, showing that Hitler was relying on opportunities. Protests by the British and French ambassadors against Germanys occupation was countered by the argument that Hitler had acted only at the request of the Czech President, just as the occupation of Austria had been undertaken only in response to the telegram sent by Seyss-Inquart.17 Hitler had spent no more than three days in the process of take-over lasted no more than three days and he was back in Vienna on the 18th. Both fate and opportunity had worked in favour of Hitler once again in allowing him to complete his aims. shoemakers lastThe Hossbach memorandum was supposed to reveal Hitlers plans and provide a summary of Hitlers foreign policy in 1937-3 8. Although it indicated that Hitler had some plans in his mind, it was not very specific. Through the examination of the above examples, it would be appropriate to conclude that Hitler was an opportunist. Although ofttimes of Mein Kampf was put into action, there was doubt as to whether he was following some form of agenda or programme.Although ideas were laid out in Mein Kampf, it did not mean that they would be implemented inevitably. There was no timescale say as to when they would be implemented too. In the words of A.J.P. Taylor, I agree that Hitler exploited events far more than he followed precise coherent plans18. Alan Bullock also believes that be it planning or spontaneity, Hitler had only one programme the gain of power19. Thus the structuralist school which stated that Hitler did not have any concrete plans to which he diligently adhered to seems more appropriate. Most of the time, Hitler was simply waiting for opportunities which he could take to achieve his aims.Not es1 Stephen J. Lee, Aims of Hitlers contrary Policy in European Dictatorships 1918-1945, (Great Britain, Routledge, Taylor Francis classify, 2000, 2nd edition), p.2172 A.J.P. Taylor, Hitler A Traditional German Statesman, in Hitler and Nazi Germany, ed.Robert G.L. Waite( United States of America, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc, 1966), p. 943 Alan Bullock, The Counterfeit Peace, 1933-7 in Hitler A try in Tyranny, (Great Britain, Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, 1973), p. 315.4 Ibid. p. 3155 Gerhard L. Weinberg, German-Italian Relations and the Anschluss in The Foreign Policy of Hitlers Germany Starting cosmos warfare II, 1937-1939, (United States of America, The University of lettuce Press Chicago and London, 1980), pp.261-2626 Ian Kershaw, Ceaseless Radicalization in Hitler 1936-1945Nemesis, (United States of America, W.W. Norton Company, 2000), p.447 Ibid. p. 678 Ibid. p.679 Taylor, Hitler A Traditional German Statesman, p.9910 Kershaw, The Drive for Expansion, p.7911 Bullo ck, From Vienna to Prague, 1938-9, p. 43912 Taylor, Hitler A Traditional German Statesman, p.9613 Jackson J. Spielvogel, Hitlers War in Hitler and Nazi Germany A History, (United States of America, prentice Hall, 2001), p. 20614 K. Hildebrand, German Foreign Policy from Revisionism to Expansionism in The Third Reich, (Great Britain, George Allen Unwin, 1984), p.3015 Ibid. p.10116 Bullock, From Vienna to Prague, 1938-9, p. 48017 Ibid, p. 48518 A.J.P. Taylor, Second Thoughts in The Origins of the Second World War, (Great Britain, Hamish Hamilton, 1965), p.X19 Lee, Aims of Hitlers Foreign Policy, p. 218BibliographyBullock, Alan, Hitler A Study in Tyranny, (Great Britain, Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, 1973)Hildebrand, K., The Third Reich,(Great Britain, George Allen Unwin, 1984)Kershaw, Ian, Hitler 1936-1945Nemesis, (United States of America, W.W. Norton Company, 2000)Lee, Stephen J., European Dictatorships1918-1945, (Great Britain, Routledge, Taylor Francis Group, 2000, 2nd edit ion)Taylor, A.J.P., Hitler and Nazi Germany, ed.Robert G.L. Waite( United States of America, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc, 1966)Taylor, A.J.P. ,The Origins of the Second World War, (Great Britain, Hamish Hamilton, 1965)Spielvogel, Jackson J. , Hitler and Nazi Germany A History, (United States of America, Prentice Hall, 2001)Weinberg, Gerhard L., The Foreign Policy of Hitlers Germany Starting World War II, 1937-1939, (United States of America, The University of Chicago Press Chicago and London, 1980)

Interviewed Couple Essay Example for Free

Interviewed Couple EssayThe family is regarded as the prefatory unit of society and as such, good p atomic number 18nting is classic in order to strengthen the family as an institution. Nevertheless, the bunk of every family is different. There are important factors such as age, cultural, background, financial stableness, etc. that must be carefully considered in assessing the parenting style in every family. Being the case, it is necessary that the situation of families are condition due importance and the most effective way to be able to understand parenting styles is through the opposite interaction with parents. In relation to this, total heat and Tanya Pietrkowski were interviewed when it comes to parenting their girl, Sophia. The interviewees are Henry and Tanya Pietrkowski who are the parents of a 14 years old teenager. The first tell of the interview is astir(predicate) the family background of the brace that involves their several(prenominal) ethnicity and reli gion. Tanya has a German-Jewish and Russian Jewish ethnicity. She pointed out that there was a conflict between the German and Russian sides of her family.She grew up in a small town Georgia wherein Jews are regarded as a minority. On the other hand, Henry came from a family of first-generation American Jewish. His parents emigrated from Poland and were Holocaust survivors. Henry grew up in the north side of Chicago. In this part of the interview, the ethnicity and religious background of the couple is given importance because the place and way by which they grew up arouse a substantial effect in their corresponding beliefs and values about parenting (McDermott 4).In addition, through the talk of the interviewer with the couple it was established that their ancestors were immigrants from other countries and regarded as a minority in the American society. Tanya evening explicitly stated that she cognized living in a small town in Georgia wherein Jews are a minority. In terms of p arenting, the cultural background of the parents is important, especially when it comes to dealing with teachers that will be trusty in educating their children.The parents and the teachers should be able to understand each other in terms of cultural stage setting in order for them to properly guide the education and behavior of the child (McDermott 4). The interview with the couple too gives emphasis with the respective lessons that they learn from their parents regarding parenting. The couple explained that their parents veered away from the parenting styles of their grandparents because the latter experienced a very challenging childhood, which is why in the case of Tanya, her parents chose to live in Georgia so that she will not experience the difficulties that they went through.Both the parents of the couple are disciplinarians. Nevertheless, they were still able to maximize their skills and talents even though their parents are not financial stable. Tanyas father was an ar t professor, which make it easier for her to develop her singing, running, debating, and other skills because her father provided her with private lessons with his colleagues in the academe. Tanyas father exemplified the ability of parents to give the necessary their children by means of supporting their interests, which in conclusion served as a huge help in maximizing their potentials as individuals (Heath 316).Unfortunately, Tanya admitted that her parents were not able to address the issues that they mystify during their childhood, which makes it difficult for them to instill the necessary values to her and her brother. Furthermore, Tanya and her incur also have disagreements on the way Tanya embossed her daughter, especially when it comes to financial matters and the values that she teach her daughter. The problem of Tanyas parents in teaching values to their children is brought about by unresolved childhood issues, which is discussed by Erik Erikson in the stages of develo pment.Tanyas parents were not able to properly go through the different stages of development, which is why their unresolved childhood issues still affects their parenting style (Elkind 9). Moreover, the disagreement between Tanya and her mother is also caused by the failure of the mother to properly develop into an adult that has the necessary financial stability and value fulfillment (Newman and Newman 317). The second part of the interview involves the conversation about the marriage of the couple and their ending to conceive a child.Based on the answer of the couple, they were only 13 months married when Tanya became pregnant. The couple already acknowledges the idea that they will become parents but they did not expect that it will happen very soon. However, even though the child came very early in their marriage the couple was able to fulfill their respective dreams of being married first and having a stable job before having a baby.In this situation, the couple was individua lly fulfilled before having a baby, which is essential in their growth process as adults and eventually has a good effect in their parenting (Simon and Lambert 91). The last part of the interview is about the parenting of the couple. It is understandably observable that the couple also wants the best for their daughter, in terms of her living a better vivification as compared to them. The couple has their own parenting style that is different from their parents because their experienced taught them their parents lack the necessary tending in the way they were raised (Taylor 34).Moreover, the couple also moved to a part of Chicago that has Jewish club in order for their daughter not to feel isolated. They also enrolled their daughter to a Jewish instill in order for her to have a strong Jewish faith unlike them. The couple admitted that they do not have any specific parenting style for their daughter wherein they did not establish any parenting roles of rules that their daughter n eed to follow.The couple just goes with the flow of parenting but they believed that they were able to raise their children well because they listen to her, which is important in parenting. The couple advised other parents that the right way of parenting is by trusting ones instinct, which is actually true in the most current studies that there is no single recipe for made parenting because every family have different issues, backgrounds, beliefs, and values that must be considered in identifying the right parenting style (Maccoby 451).

Training Managers to be Cross Culturally Sensitive Essay Example for Free

Training Managers to be Cross ethnically Sensitive EssayCultural sensitiveness is an important part of modern management practices in the world of business today. With the brink of globalisation in the current system of life of the human society today, it could not be denied that there ar many reasons for managers to adjust their system of dealing with their professional duties as major controllers of the human resources of several organizations in the society today. Gone argon the days when they simply crap to deal with individual-based miscellanea (Morgan 1998). Today, more than wide-eyed individual differences, managers have to consider cultural values of the bulk as well. Being sensitive to the highest degree these particular aspects is a certain leap towards development for managers of the current society. Human issues are probably the hardest issues of diversity that should be dealt with today. With the clashing of cultural values between people from different natio ns because of the effects of globalization at bottom the current system of things, the past issues of human relationship had both been increased in possibilities of being pertinacious or even the possibilities being worsened. This could be judged through the process of management that is applied towards the values of the verbalize diversified society of business organizations today. Being sensitive to this aspect of human development shall make it easier for the managers to have better understanding of their responsibility. Understandably, the system of management should be more touch on on how the values of the people being controlled are being provided by the authorities. This is primarily to satisfy their values and their levels of wants and demands of being respected as humans who have their own personal guidelines of being individually satisfied from their works through the ship canal that they are being treated by their authorities (Nelson-Neuhaus 2004). Why is being sensi tive about the question of culture necessary? Moving into a new social environment is a very challenge matter. First, since the destination is a new place and full of new people, critical adaptation and socialization are greatly required to be capable to adjust to the change of society (Dalton 2002). One must hold the cultural pattern and social standards of the new society to be able to blend in and adapt.This desire is greatly relevant to the case of an deport employee of a certain company, which is already becoming a briny concern for the business society. Many cases of an expatriate employee already resulted to resignation due to staggering problems brought by the socialization process (Keough, 453-459). Thus to address this social dilemma, socialization of a new person mainly an expatriate employee must be given concern especially the communication strategies that are relevant to the process. Certainly, training managers to be cross culturally sensitive in this matter is a serious task to take into consideration. How and then are the procedures supposed to be dealt with? First, the realization of diversity should be implemented thus helping the individuals concerned take full charge of their duty when the issue comes to becoming highly involved in a multicultural working environment.Next is the implementation of normalizing rules. As managers, these individuals should realize that they are in power to found an end to the dilemma that may be caused by human differences at work. Thirdly, making the managers competent luxuriant in handling such cases of cultural diversity lies in the understanding of he said individuals of the circumstance that humans are indeed in different measures of both cultural and personal diversity that should be fully recognized by everyone especially at work so as to be able to establish a lot more responsive environment at work.ReferencesKeough, Colleen M. (1998). The Case of Aggrieved Expatriate. Management communication s Quarterly. MCQ. Volume 11 (3), pp 452-459. http//cbae.nmsu.edu/dboje/papers/ExpatriateCase.htmlThe%20Case. January 3, 2008.Eileen Morgan. (1998). Navigating Cross-Cultural Ethics What Global Managers Do Right to Keep From divergence Wrong .Butterworth-Heinemann.Kristie J. Nelson-Neuhaus. (2004). victoryful Managers Handbook Develop Yourself, Coach Others. ePredix, Inc. 7th edition.Stephen H. Rhinesmith. (1996). Managers Guide To Globalization Six Skills for Success in a Changing World. McGraw-Hill.Maxine Dalton. (2002). Success for the New Global Manager How to Work Across Distances, Countries, and Cultures. Jossey-Bass 1 edition.

Death in Cross Cultural Perspectives Essay Example for Free

stopping point in Cross Cultural Perspectives EssayThere atomic number 18 distinguishable melancholy ceremonies, traditions, and behaviors to express grief, but the concept of permanent loss frame unchanged in cross heathen setting. With this paper I will identify cross-cultural perspectives on shoemakers go and dying, and will break apart manifold beliefs relating to death phenomenon. Furthermore I will identify unlike cultural mourn ceremonies and will analyze their imp fiddle on grieving process and lintel mechanisms. Death is a universal phenomenon, but soulfulness responses to death vary widely from culture to culture.In effort to explain the concept of death, m each different cultures bring a significant symbolic meaning to the dying process in terms of rituals, ceremonies, and adver investy practices. Grieving and funeral rituals vary greatly across cultures and, in most cases, are associated with religious practices and beliefs. volume ex go to look at t he death phenomena finished the scope of their religious beliefs and often relate their personal experiences with death to cultural norms and traditions.Our culture affects the length of grieving process, mourning ceremonies, and even influence the way we anticipate during funerals. The brain-teaser of death is often associated with fear and anxiety, thus it is easier for people to relate indefinite death concept to something that makes sniff out and brings comfort. Death in Latino culture accord to Lobar, Youngblut and Brooten (2006), Latino death rituals are heavily influenced by religion, especially Catholicism, which underlines an importance of connection between the living and a dead soul person, through prayer.Death is not something the majority of Hispanics fear, because some(prenominal) of them perceive death as a journey. The dying process is closely connect to religious practices, such as prayers, hearing the confession of the dying, communion, and a blessing. Ongo ing support is essential fragment of dying and grieving process, and in this particular culture it is unacceptable to let people die alone. The homage to a dying person and care that ill person receives during the last journey is very tumid in Latino culture.Death concept in Hispanic culture is closely related to family obligations, which is straightforward by the care that Hispanic family renders to a dying person during last moments. After death occurs, the family relieve prefers to stay with the em personate during inhumation preparation to pray and to watch over the body. Prior funeral a energise is held, which is a very social event where an extended family has a chance to get together, serve sustenance and drinks, and enjoy each otherwises company. Candles and flowers are essential decorating attributes of wakes and funerals.A funeral follows a wake, and during funeral family has a chance to say last goodbyes to their loved one. Emotional expression of grief is impor tant attribute of Latino cultures which is often evident during funeral ceremonies where women cry loudly and use their body language openly. It is not unusual to put personal items into the casket with the person who has passed away for their journey in the aft(prenominal)life, which also serves as an manikin of a finial gift from a family (Lobar, Youngblut Brooten, 2006). burial follow a funeral, because majority of Hispanics oppose cremation, which is also related to their religious beliefs and importance of placing a body in the ground. Most Hispanics believe that someday the dead will arise and return to life, which significantly influences their burial preferences. It is crucial for Hispanics to be buried next to other family members to keep them company and to arise together someday (Lobar, Youngblut Brooten, 2006). Spiritual connection with the dead is also one of the important elements of Latino culture, which is demonstrated by habitual gravesite visits and praying to odours.Death is always associated with separation, which leads to sorrow, and grief however cultural perceptions and beliefs help to look at death from a different perspective and perceive death as a natural state that can be approached with love, respect, dignity, and tremendous family support. Latino culture supports their dying people during the last journey, and believes in afterlife, which gives them hope and helps to overcome unendurable grief of permanent loss. Death rituals in Africa African culture demonstrates a strong connection with deceased person, and believes that only a correct burial will bring a dead person peace. People n Africa strongly believe in spiritual life, thus their main goal during burial ceremonies is to cite a spirit of a deceased person. An African funeral begins with removal of the body from home, which is done through a previously made hole in the wall of the home. Africans remove a dead body through the hole, instead of a door, to confuse a spir it and make sure that a spirit of a deceased person will not return back home, as a hole in the wall is immediately closed after removal of the body. In effort to confuse a spirit even more, they place thorns and sticks in a zigzag pattern along the way as body being taken to the place of burial. Blackely et al, 1994). In the religions of Africa, life does not end with death and people tend to believe in power of the dead, thus many families often pray to spirits and ask them not to come back and cause any trouble. Death is perceived as the beginning of connection with open and invisible worlds. One of the funeral rituals include special preparation of a home, such as smearing windows with ashes and turning pictures and other reflective objects face d suffer to ensure that deceased person is detached from a living, and to promote debonaire transition into different world.The beds are usually removed from deceaseds bedroom and mourning women sit on a floor or a mattress. According to African culture, if correct funeral is not observed, a dead person may come back and bother the living. The funeral preparation takes approximately from seven to long dozen days, which gives the community members a chance to visit and give the last respect to a deceased (Mbiti, 1969). The funeral communion usually begins before the sunrise, because people believe that bad spirits usually sleep early in the morning.The pastoral care during funeral preparation is very important for comfort and encouragement. According to Blackely et al (1994), African funerals concurrently mourn for the dead and celebrate life. An animal is usually killed during funerals to avoid bad luck, but it also has a practical purpose, such as providing food for family and neighbors. In many communities women and unmarried adults are not allowed to examine funerals, as well as close family members are not allowed to speak or take any vocal part in the funeral honoring.The community involvement during Af rican funerals is a great example of psychosocial and unrestrained support during mourning process, which draws people together and promotes heavy grief. Judaic rituals There are many different beliefs in Judaism, thus funeral rituals and ceremonies vary greatly. According to Jewish laws, practices, and beliefs, a soul returns to heaven immediately after death, thus the body has to be buried as soon as possible, usually within 24 to 48 hours (Lobar, Youngblut Brooten, 2006). Mourners show their grief by wearing a black ribbon and by playacting only minimal grooming and bathing.Mirrors or other reflective objects may be covered and family remains with a deceased and talks about a deceased. Prayers, citations of Psalms and learned passages from the Talmud are essential elements of the Jewish funerals (Ribner, 1998). According to Clements et al (2003), a body should be treated with respect due to belief that it is a temple of a soul. There is a special ritual of body preparation, where women prepare a womanish body and men are responsible for preparing a male body. All jewelry must be removed from the body, and the body is washed twice, and is treated almost if it was still alive.The prepared body is laid on the floor with candles around it, and the body is never left alone. There is no embalming and the body is clothed or wrapped and put into wooden coffin, so the body and the box can return entirely to earth. conventional Jewish funerals are symbolic representations of spiritual connection with God. The funeral ceremonies are based on purity, simplicity and dignity. According to Jewish tradition, wealthy and poor are equal before God, thus the body must be buried in the same type of garment regardless of financial and social status.According to Jewish religion, death is only a part of a process, and after death a soul continues on. Jewish people believe in afterlife, which gives them hope and helps to deal with grief. The importance of family is recogni zed throughout Jewish mourning ceremonies, which value family privacy during first seven days of mourning process, where close family gets together and have a meal of condolence that include eggs and bread. According to the belief, eggs symbolize life, which is a great example of attitude towards death and strong belief in afterlife (Madsen, 1999).Cross cultural perspective Death is a universal phenomenon, but funerals ceremonies and rituals vary greatly across cultures and religions. Many cultural groups carry their own beliefs and perceptions, which help them with the grieving process and adaptations strategies. Death carries a feeling of a permanent loss, which is very herculean for people to accept. According to Kastenbaum (2007), bereavement is a universal experience, which carries many painful responses, including depression, distress, fear, and misery.Our inner state feelings are universal, however or external expressions are different. Our culture and religious beliefs are essential elements of adaptation strategies and coping techniques. Believing in afterlife in Christianity, Judaism, and many other religious groups gives people hope, helps to alleviate grief, and promotes healthy adaptation process. Strong extended family support during mourning process helps to share unbearable grief among family members and serves as an excellent source of encouragement.Strong community involvement is extremely beneficial during bereavement, which helps to take care of financial struggles and provides psychosocial support. Cross cultural rituals help people express their grief according to their beliefs. Almost every funeral ceremony is family oriented, which is designed to bring extended family together, to celebrate life, and to set the background for healthy grief. There are many similarities and differences in beliefs and practices on death and dying. But for many cultures and religious groups a funeral is a final act of love, respect, devotion, and family ga thering.

Graduation Rate Trends in California Essay Example for Free

Graduation Rate Trends in atomic number 20 EssayIn atomic number 20, beginning consec appraises among ordinary higher(prenominal) schools scholarly persons declined from sixty nine percent in 1992 to sixty fivesome percent in 1996 (Plucker, ET all). In 2000, the State managed to exceed the theme commencement ceremony average rate for habitual high schools for the first term in that decade. Before that year, atomic number 20 had always being between half(prenominal) to quartet points below the national average (Plucker, ET all).Johnson (2008) quotes from the 2008 Sacramento County Childrens Report Card report by stating that graduation rate in the high schools has fallen with fewer students meeting the requirements needed to join either California State University or The University of California. accord to the report, the high schools graduation rate declined from 85. 1 percent in 2000/1 to 79. 6 percent in 2006/7. In the same report, it was revealed that the perc entage rate of haves (high school) who meet the GSU and UC requirement fell from 34.4 % in 2002 to 22. 5 % in 2006 (Johnson, 2008). On the other hand, Mitchell (2008) reports that in Los Angeles, the number of public school students graduating has fallen for both consequent years (2006/7). She attributes this to the policy requiring all the students to pass an lapse examination if they will have to exhaust a diploma. The study too line of battles that decrease in the graduation rate net be attributed to the experiences of students charm at the middle school and the quality of the high school teachers (Mitchel Sberg, 2008).According to San Jose Mercury News, the administration of exit exam was the reason for the decline in the graduation rate in the year 2006 (the first social class sat for the exam). The rate of the high school graduates fell by four percent in California that year (Dave, 2007). However, contempt the general decline in the number of students who are gradu ating, the number from the minority students is change magnitude (Nierstedt 2008). Experts have projected that the rate of graduation will continue falling over the next five years and that will definitely cause a decrease in college applications.On the other hand, overdue to the rising numbers of the graduating minority groups such as Asians and Hispanics colleges diversity will increase (Nierstedt 2008). The graduation rate in California among the mordants is increasing as compared to that of the whites students. For example, Pomona College in California has a graduation rate of black students being eighty-three percent, which is below that of other similar institutions. However, if compared with graduation rate of the white students, the rate is high because the rate of graduation for the later is eighty one percent (Edwards, 2009).In addition, the methods that are used to work out the rate are criticized because of the variations that are gotten if checked by different inst itutions. For example, California data shows that its graduation rate is better than the national average. However when the rate is analyzed by ethnic or racial groups, the results show that the number of African Americans and the Latinos is lost disproportionately (Koehler, 2004). Seventy percent of all the students in Californian schools graduate but two out of every five black Americans never graduated in 2000(Olmos, 2008).According to Patrcia (2008), Latino and African American students are less likely to graduate from high schools when compared to the white or Asian students. Also about one third or a quarter of all the public high schools students in California do not graduate. There is an allegation that there are States, California included that inflate graduation rate. The Education Trust based in Washington stated that umpteen States hide behind false data with the study conducted showing that California had once reported that its graduation rate was eighty seven percent while in the real sense it was approximately cardinal one percent (Eslinger, 2005).The report by the US Department of Education shows that the rate of graduation in all secondary schools is seventy percent with some schools in poor urban areas of California with a rate of forty four percent. This has been attributed to high costs of education and political and social factors (Douglass, 2008). Of all the 2004 high school students who sat for The California High School Exit Exam, only less than a half passed the exams a situation that forced the education board to postpone the use of the results as a graduation requirement until 2006 (Warren, 2008).Many young people in the State of California do not get by high school, many of them being African Americans and the Latinos (WestED, 2008). Fifty three percent of LAUSD students (freshman) never graduate four years later when compared to thirty eight percent of County freshman and twenty eight percent of California ninth graders (Califor nia Department of Education, 2009). A report by the Los Angeles County, Sheriff Lee Baca gave a report that associates the increase in criminal activities with the low rate of graduation among students.The reports suggests measures to increase the rate of graduation which include participating in high quality preschool, check and use of connect programs (to monitor whether high risk students are in school and connect them with needed services) (Bagchi, 2008). To improve the situation, several researches have been undertaken to get the main reason wherefore the rate of graduation is moving down. The University of California Linguistic Minority Research Institute has initiated the California slabber out research project.The main objective of the research is to synthesize the researches that already exist and also to be in a position to make the policymakers and the public know the nature and the solutions to this problem(California Dropout Research Project, 2008). The report also su ggests claims that the government of California is not doing enough to reduce the decreasing rate of graduation and more enthronisation should be done to contain the situation (FCIK, 2008).The California Get Real coalition has proposed that Career skilful education expansion can be useful in increasing the graduation rate in California (Price, 2007). On the other hand, Eccles (2008) states that students should be motivated to continue with their studies by building a stronger student teacher relationship. Students should also enroll in CTE programs as they increase their chances of graduating (Bates, 2008). REFERENCES Bagchi, S. (2008). Improving Graduation range can cut crimes. Los Angeles Heartland Institute.Retrieved border district 5, 2009, from http//www. heartland. org/publications/school%20reform/article/22869/Improving_ Graduation_Rates_Can_Cut_Crime. html Bates, S. (2008). Facts about Academic success, drop-out rates, and career technical education. Retrieved parade 5, 2009 http//www. citea. org/images/resources/Facts_about_academic_success_dropout_rates_ and_CTE pdf California Department of Education. (2009). Student Enrollment and Graduation Trends for LAUSD, Los Angeles County and California. Retrieved March 5, 2009 from http//www. afabc.org/chevron%20texaco%20brochure-2. pdf Douglass, J. A. (2008). Wrong Trajectory. Retrieved March 5, 2009, from http//alumni. berkeley. edu/ atomic number 20/200805/freespeech. asp Eccles, J. (2008). Can middle school reform increase high school graduation rates? Retrieved March 5, 2009, from http//www. edcoe. k12. ca. us/departments/curriculum_instruction/documents/ CILC082008_DropOutMiddleSchoolReform. pdf FCIK. (2008). Drop out Prevention report. Retrieved March 5, 2009, from http//www. fightcrime. org/ca/dropout/index. php Rumberger, R. (2008).California Dropout Research Project. Retrieved March 5, 2009, from http//www. lmri. ucsb. edu/dropouts/about. htm Johnson K. (2008). Report High school graduation rat es decline in Sacramento County. Sacramento avocation Journal. Retrieved March, 5 2009, from http//www. bizjournals. com/sacramento/stories/2008/11/17/daily7. html Mitchell, L. Sberg. (2008, June 21) Graduation rates declining in L. A. unified despite higher enrolment, study finds. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March, 5 2009, from http//articles. latimes. com/2008/jun/21/local/me-grads21